Hello,
There are also some quarries about 3 hours drive (http://opeps.azurtekdive.com, http://www.becon-plongee-maitai.fr, http://esox-diving.fr, etc.). And the Channel with its wrecks of the D-Day, between 2 and 4 hours of road. The only club near the Channel that I know of is a non-commercial structure (http://www.arromanches-plongee.org).
To be precise, there is a quarry near Paris where we can dive (http://www.lacbeaumontsuroise-ffessmidfp.fr). But this one is reserved for the clubs. You can not go there by saying: "Hello, I want to dive and pay for this."
As Txum said, parisian people dive in swimming pool during the winter (and spring, summer, autumn too), and take the train or the car to go in quarries, the Channel, Mediterranean Sea, Brittany or the plane to go further
In your place, I won't take my diving gear. But I take this opportunity to organize a trip in France only dedicated to diving (English Channel, Brittany, Mediterranean Sea, or - why not - quarries).